Aerosol pollution in some Chinese cities (IUPAC Technical Report)
Y. Zhang*, X.
Zhu, S. Slanina, M. Shao, L. Zeng, M. Hu, M. Bergin, and L. Salmon
Abstract: Emissions caused by the use of coal and by traffic
have caused serious photochemical smog and aerosol pollution with unique
characteristics in most Chinese cities. This report gives an overview
of aerosol concentrations in China based on data obtained from both
the literature and recent research by the authors. The results show
that TSP (total suspended particulate) and PM-10 (particles with aerodynamic
diameter 10 µm) concentrations frequently exceed the National
Ambient Air Quality Standard and that ambient aerosol concentrations
constitute a serious air pollution problem. PM-2.5 concentrations are
also high and account for 60 % of the PM-10 mass. Organic carbon and
sulfate are the most abundant components of PM-2.5, while crustal elements
represent a minor portion.Nitrate concentrations are almost the same
as sulfate in summertime, which implies that NOx control
is very important in lowering fine particle concentrations and in improving
air visibility. The chemical mass balance (CMB) method was applied in
Beijing to identify the sources of PM-2.5. The main sources include
fugitive dust, coal burning/industrial processes, traffic emissions,
and secondary aerosol produced by atmospheric chemical conversion.
* Corresponding author.
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