Commission on Thermodynamics
(I.2)
Summary of Minutes
of Commission Meeting at IUPAC General Assembly, Berlin, Germany, 8-10
August 1999
Twenty-one members of the Commission on Thermodynamics
(I.2), including national representatives and observers, met for three
days of discussions during the 40th IUPAC General Assembly in Berlin.
Two new Titular Members, Manuel Ribeiro da Silva and Eckhard Vogel,
were elected, and R. Span (Bochum) was appointed to the Subcommittee
on Thermodynamic Data.
Several projects were completed and the results published:
U. K. Deiters and K. M. de Reuck, Guidelines for Publication of Equations
of State, Chemical Engineering Science, 1998, 69, 69 and
Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1999, 161, 205; A. Bolz, U. K.
Deiters, C. J. Peter, and T. W. de Loos, Nomenclature for Phase Diagrams
with Particular Reference to Vapor-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Equilibria,
Pure Appl. Chem., 1998, 70, 2233; J. Barthel, R. Neueder,
and R. Meier 1998, Viscosities of Aqueous Solutions, Part 3c,
AgClO4-Cl4O16Th, and Part 3d, CoO4S-O6SU, Dechema Chemistry Data Series
Vol. XII; and Chemical Thermodynamics (a Chemistry for the 21st
Century monograph), edited by T. M. Letcher, Blackwell Science, 1999.
In addition, there are several projects that are close
to completion: Theory of Equations of State for Fluids and Fluid
Mixtures, edited by J. V. Sengers, will be published by Elsevier
in mid-2000. Two new volumes in the Experimental Thermodynamics series
are being prepared: Volume VI. Measurement of the Thermodynamic Properties
of Single Phases (editors: A. R. H. Goodwin, K. N. Marsh, and W.
A. Wakeham) and Volume VII. Measurement of the Properties of Multiple
Phases (editors: Th. W. de Loos and R. D. Weir). Publication is
expected by 2001. Conductivities, Transference Numbers, and Limiting
Ionic Conductivities, Part 1d. Carbonates (project leader: J. G.
M. Barthel), Dechema Chemistry Data Series, Volume X, is in press, and
a further volume on amides is expected in 2001. Ribeiro da Silva presented
a final draft of "Thermochemistry of chemical reactions". Draft copies
of papers entitled 'standards in isothermal microcalorimetry", from
Working Group A. (E. Beezer, G. Olofsson, K. Murphy, F. Rouquerol, J.
Sipowska, and I. Wads), and 'standards for differential scanning
calorimetry", produced by Working Group G (Della Gatta, M. J. Richardson,
S. M. Sarge, and S. St¯len) were presented. These papers will be
produced in final form for the next Commission meeting in 2000, for
subsequent publication in J. Chem. Thermodyn., Thermochimica
Acta, and Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis. The project "Legendre
transforms in chemical thermodynamics" (R. A. Alberty) will be completed
after minor revision of the draft manuscript with input from members
of the Commission on Electrochemistry. Possible new projects discussed
were "Thermodynamics in education" (T. M. Letcher), "Global phase diagrams
of fluid mixtures" (U. K. Deiters and T. M. Boublik), and "Guidelines
for equations of state II. Mixtures" (U. K. Deiters). The importance
of the project on biological buffers was stressed; it is necessary to
find a group to work on this.
Unanimous approval was given of the arrangements for
the16th IUPAC International Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics (ICCT),
which will take place
7-11 August 2000 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. In 2002, the 17th
IUPAC ICCT will be held 28 July - 2 August in Rostock, Germany. A diskette
will be prepared to supplement the Guidebook for Organizers of IUPAC
ICCTs to assist prospective organizers of these meetings. The Commission
discussed the forthcoming change in IUPAC operation. It felt that its
activities would translate smoothly to the new scheme, with continuation
of the biennial ICCT affording an opportunity for a meeting of all those
involved in projects, plus other interested thermodynamicists.
It was reported that the number of journal pages in
the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics increased by about 5%
from 1997 to 1998 as a result of widening the scope to include papers
in fluid phase equilibria, biochemical thermodynamics, polymers, and
invited review articles. A special memorial issue for Prof. McGlashan
will contain 14 papers and should be published in October 1999.
The Subcommittee on Thermodynamic Data has been active
in the following areas: In the series of publications on Critical
Compilation of Vapor Liquid Critical Properties, paper VII on oxygenated
compounds other than alkanols is in an advanced state of preparation.
Work on halogenated compounds is being updated with a computer search
to cover recent years. Still outstanding are the series of compounds
containing nitrogen and polyfunctional groups. The project "Critical
compilation of activity coefficients at infinite dilution" (project
leader: V. Dohnal) has produced a very large database, and it was decided
to terminate the project at this stage. Publication of Volume 14 (Benzene)
and Volume 15 (Carbon Dioxide) in the series International Thermodynamic
Tables of the Fluid State (project leader: W. A. Wakeham) is expected
in 2000.
The project "Vapor-liquid equilibria and related properties
in binary and ternary mixtures of ethers, alkanes, and alkanols" (project
leader, J. H. Dymond) was completed following the final workshop held
as part of the 15th IUPAC ICCT in Porto, Portugal, 30-31 July 1998.
The workshop proceedings were published as a special issue of Fluid
Phase Equilibria, 1999, 156, 1-236. A new project "Thermochemical,
thermodynamic, and transport properties of halogenated alkanes and their
mixtures" (project leaders: U. K. Deiters, J. H. Dymond, A. Heintz,
and A. Laesecke) will begin with a workshop that is being organized
by E. Matteoli in Pisa 15-18 December 1999. A feasibility study will
be undertaken for a project on low-temperature molten salts (organic)
with a workshop in 2001.
The Subcommittee on Transport Properties has completed
two projects that will be published "under the auspices of the Subcommittee":
M. L. V. Ramires, C. A. Nieto de Castro, R. A. Perkins, Y. Nagasaka,
A. Nagashima, M. J. Assael, and W. A. Wakeham, "Thermal conductivity
of toluene over a wide range of temperature" and M. J.
Assael, A. Leipertz, E. Vogel, E. MacPherson, W. A. Wakeham, R. A. Perkins,
Y. Nagasaka, C. A. Nieto de Castro, and K. Strom, "Transport
property measurement on the IUPAC sample of R134a". Already published
is a correlation on the Viscosity of Propane by E. Vogel, C. Kuchenmeister,
E. Bich, and A. Laesecke, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1998, 27,
947. The first stage of a project by M. J. Assael, J. Millat, A. Nagashima,
D. Friend, and J. V. Sengers, "Viscosity and thermal conductivity of
water and steam", has been concluded with submission of a paper to J.
Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. Drafts of papers on other completed projects
are being prepared by M. J. Assael, "Viscosity of toluene as a function
of pressure"; by E. Vogel, "Viscosity of isobutane"; by M. J. Assael
and A. Nagashima, "Viscosity and thermal conductivity of D2O"; and by
C. A. Nieto de Castro, "Viscosity of toluene at atmospheric pressure
in wide ranges of temperature".
Work is continuing on the following projects: "Viscosity
of liquid water", "Transport properties of methane + ethane", "Thermal
conductivity of butane", "Viscosity and thermal conductivity of water
and steam", and "Viscosity of pentane". The following new projects are
underway: 'study of the intermolecular potential of water", "Viscosity
of cyclopentane", "Viscosity of alkali halides", and "Investigation
of a new high-viscosity standard". A feasibility study will be
undertaken for a book on the properties of water, air, and seawater.
A new project on transport properties of molten metals (where differences
in viscosity of a factor of 10 occur in measurements from different
groups) will begin. A new experimental project on viscosity data for
toluene at elevated pressures will probably be set up, because of the
large discrepancies that exist in the literature data. The project for
an internationally available data bank is now terminated, although the
Stuttgart data bank was still being maintained for use by subcommittee
members and others.
The subcommittee had a successful meeting on 3-4 September
1999 in Erlangen, Germany. Their next meeting will take place in Boulder,
CO, USA in June 2000.
Joint meetings were held as follows: Dr. Fabienne Meyers
of the IUPAC Secretariat joined us for a short meeting during which
she spoke about the IUPAC web site. Members considered that the Commission
should have its own web site to highlight activities and achievements
and draw attention to future events. Joint meetings were also held with
members of IUCOSPED (IUPAC-CODATA Project on Standardization of Physico-Chemical
Property Electronic Data Files), Commission I.1 (Physicochemical Symbols,
Terminology, and Units), Commission I.3 (Electrochemistry), and Commission
I.7 (Biophysical Chemistry). At each of these meetings, projects of
common interest were discussed. With Commission I.1, further additions
to the thermodynamics section of the Green Book (Quantities, Units,
and Symbols in Physical Chemistry) were agreed upon for the forthcoming
new edition.
The Chairman thanked all members of the Commission
for their contributions and looked forward to the next meeting of the
Commission in Halifax, Nova Scotia on 5-6 August 2000.
> Link to Commission
John Dymond
Secretary, IUPAC Commission on
Thermodynamics I.2