Antidiabetogenic constituents from several natural medicines*
Hisashi Matsuda, Toshio Morikawa, and Masayuki Yoshikawa**
Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku,
Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
Abstract: In the course of our studies on antidiabetogenic
and antidiabetic principles of natural medicines and medicinal foodstuffs,
we have isolated salacinol and kotalanol with unique thiosugar sulfonium
sulfate inner salt structures from the antidiabetic Ayurvedic traditional
medicines, Salacia reticulata and S. oblonga. Salacinol
and kotalanol showed potent inhibitory activities against intestinal
a-glucosidase, and also inhibitory effects
of salacinol on the increase in serum glucose levels in maltose- and
sucrose-loaded rats were found to be more potent than those of acarbose.
In addition, various flavonoids with potent inhibitory activities against
rat lens aldose reductase such as quercitrin desmanthin-1 and guaijaverin
were isolated from Myrcia multiflora and several natural medicines,
and some structural requirements of flavonoids for aldose reductase
inhibitory activity were clarified.
* A special topic issue on the
science of sweeteners.
** Corresponding author.
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