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Project
Chemistry
and the Environment Division (VI)
Number: 2004-003-3-600
Title: Biophysico-chemical processes
of heavy metals and metalloids in soil environments
Task Group
Chairman: Antonio
Violante
Members: P.M.
Huang and Geoffrey
M. Gadd (book co-editor)
Richard G.
Burns, Paul
M. Bertsch, Henry
L. Ehrlich, Nicola
Senesi, Donald L.
Sparks, Gunther
Stotzky, Siobhán
Staunton, and Jack
T. Trevors
Completion Date: 2007 - project completed
Objective:
To provide the scientific community with a critical evaluation by
world-renowned international scientists of the state-of-the-art
on the biophysico-chemical processes of metals and metalloids in
soil environments including their interactions with soil components
(clay minerals, organics, microorganisms). Specifics of heavy metal
and metalloid mobility in different soil environments, including
the rhizosphere, as influenced by physics, chemistry and biology
of soil and their interactions will be examined. Finally, their
speciation, mobility, bioavailability and toxicity and innovative
restoration strategies of polluted soils will be addressed. In addition,
the book would provide a source of reference materials for students,
professors, researchers and practitioners.
Description:
Pollution induced by heavy metals and metalloids in soils is
a very dangerous environmental problem because, as compared with
other kinds of pollution (atmosphere and water), the soil environment
has a much lower ability to recover. Furthermore, over 99% of environmental
pollutants are bound with soil and sediment particles.
Heavy metals are well recognized as potentially toxic to plants
and other living organisms. However, the mere presence of a toxic
element in soil may not adversely affect organisms if that element
is not in a biologically, chemically, or physically available chemical
form. In soil, heavy metals interact with clay minerals, humic substances,
microorganisms, extracellular enzymes, biopolymers and other organic
and inorganic ligands.
The behaviour of heavy metals and metalloids depends on chemical
and physico-chemical as well as biological factors associated with
the microbial activities. Dynamics and equilibria of these elements
in soil environments are significantly influenced by structural,
surface and solution chemistry of soils and interactions of soil
minerals with organic components and microorganisms. These physicochemical-biological
interactions would influence the transfer of these elements from
the inorganic and organic soil constituents to the soil solution
and to plants.
Scientists interested in soil chemistry and mineralogy, soil biochemistry,
plant nutrition, physiology and environmental sciences must interact
with each other for understanding the biophysico-chemical processes
of these pollutants in soil environments.
The present project is to prepare a book by a multidisciplinary
group of soil and environmental scientists to provide the scientific
community with a critical evaluation of the state-of-the-art on
the processes of these elements in soil environments, their speciation,
mobility, bioavailability and toxicity and their impact on the development
of innovative restoration strategies. Biogeochemical processes operating
in soil environments that affect the fate, behavior, and bioavailability
of metals and metalloids is currently an area of active research.
Yet, a comprehensive and detailed book of the state-of-knowledge
is absent from scientific literature. This book will bring a critical
qualitative and quantitative review of the fundamentals of the physics
and chemistry of heavy-metal and metalloid interactions in soils
and the influence of soil microorganisms on these processes. The
latest advances in spectroscopy to study various aspect of heavy
metal and metalloid interactions with inorganic and organic components
will be reviewed. Furthermore, a chapter on the fractionation in
relation to understanding the mobility of trace elements in environmental
solids will be included.
The proposed book is insightful and different from other books,
e.g. the book sponsored by SETAC Press. In fact, our book will focus
more stringently on the fundamental processes, whereas in the SETAC
book the application of the knowledge of the fundamentals to risk
assessment is given a central place. In spite of a number of books
that deal with different aspects of this topic, they are much more
general or limited in coverage than that is proposed in our book.
It is proposed to have about 19 chapters in this book. These proposed
chapter authors are leading international authorities on the subject
matter.
Progress:
Draft Contents (revised June 2005)
A. Fundamentals on the Interactions of Heavy Metals and Metalloids
with Biotic and Abiotic Soil Components
-
Impacts of Soil Physicochemical-Biological Interactions
on Metals and Metalloids Transformations: An Overview, by P.M. Huang
-
Kinetics and Mechanisms of Sorption/Desorption in
Soils: A Multi-Scale Assessment, by D.L. Sparks and M.J. Borda
-
Spectroscopic Techniques for Studying Metal-Humic
Substance Complexes in Soil: An Overview, by N. Senesi and E. Loffredo
-
Factors affecting the Sorption-Desorption of Trace
Elements in Soil Environments, by A.Violante, G.S.R. Krishnamurti,
and M. Pigna
-
Modeling Adsorption of Trace Metals and Metalloids
by Soil Components, S. Goldberg and L. J. Crescenti
B. Transformations and Dynamics of Metals and Metalloids as
Influenced by Soil-Root-Microbe Interactions
-
Transformation and Mobilization of Metals by Microorganisms,
by G.M. Gadd
-
Biogeochemical Processes Controlling the Cycling
of Arsenic in Soils and Sediments, by S. Fendorf, M. Herbell, K.
J. Tufano, and B. Kocar
-
Microbial Oxidation and Reduction of Iron in the
Rhizosphere and the Impact on Mobility of Heavy Metals, by D. Emerson,
S. Neubauer, and P. Megonigal
-
Mobility and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals and
Metalloids at the Soil-Root Interface, by F. Hinsinger and F. Courchesne
-
The Complexity of Aqueous Complexation: In the Case
of Aluminum- and Iron(III)-Citrate, by M.E. Essington
C. Speciation, Mobility and Bioavailability of Trace Metals
and Metalloids in Soil Environments
-
Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability of Metals
and Metalloids, by G.S.R. Krishnamurti and R. Naidu
-
Fractionation and Mobility of Trace Elements in
Environmental Solids, by P. S. Fedotov and R. Wennrich
- Source and Mobility of Metallic Radionuclides in Soil Systems, by
S. Staunton, C-S. Haudin and G. Shaw
-
Fractionation and Mobility of Trace Elements in
Environmental Solids, by P.S. Fedotov
-
Biogeochemistry of Uranium and other Actinides in
Contaminated Soils and Sediments, by P.M. Bertsch and B. Jackson
- Occurrence, Chemical Behaviour and Availability of Heavy Metals in
Contaminated Soils, by P. Adamo and A. Violante
D. Chemical and Biological Remediation of Soils Contaminated
with Metals and Metalloids
-
Remediation of Metal Contaminated Soils, by R. Naidu
-
Microbial Remediation of Metal and Metalloid Contaminated
Soils, by Ludo Diels
- (Chemical and) Biological Processes that Reduce Arsenic Bioavailability
and Toxicity, and N.T. Basta and L.Q. Ma
-
Phosphate-induced Metal Immobilization in Contaminated
Soils: Bioavailability and Long-term Stability, by L.Q. Ma and R.
Melamed
May 2006 - Dr. P. M. Huang and Prof. Antonio Violante are
organizing a Symposium at the International Union of Soil Sciences
(IUSS) 18th World Congress to be held in Philadelphia (USA) on July
9-15, 2006. The IUSS Symposium will showcase of the book.
August 2006 - This book will be the 1st volume to be publishd
in a new series entitled 'Biophysico-Chemical Processes in Environmental
Systems' and to be published by John Wiley & Sons (Hoboken,
N.J.). The second volume will be the outcome of IUPAC project
# 2006-014-1-600.
Dec 2007 - Project completed - book titled "Biophysico-Chemical
Processes of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments"
published by John Wiley & Sons, 2007 [ISBN 978-0-471-73778-0].
If
you want to update this information, contact us by e-mail
Do not forget to include the Project Number,
your name and relation with that project
Page last modified 10 December 2007.
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